Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology
2
National University of Uzbekistan, University Street 4, 100174 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
3
Fergana State University, Murabbiylar str, 150100 Fergana, Uzbekistan
4
Tashkent branch of the Samarkand state university veterinary medicine of livestock and biotechnologies, Tashkent city, Chilanzar district 20, house 35a3
5
Soil and water department, faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt
Abstract
The study focuses on exploring the potential raw materials for biochar production in Uzbekistan, with particular emphasis on its applicability in the agricultural sector. Given the agricultural sector's susceptibility to climate change, it is crucial to identify viable alternative resources. Several types of biowaste, including poultry manure (PM), poultry litter (PL), wheat straws (WS), mulberry straws (MS), and food waste (FW), were selected for biochar production. Presently, Uzbekistan generates approximately 16 million tons of household waste each year, with 88% being disposed of through burial or incineration, and only 12% undergoing proper processing. It is evident that household waste holds promising potential as a raw material for biochar production. The pyrolysis temperature and duration play a critical role in biochar production as they significantly impact the yield. Findings indicate that at a temperature of 350°C, biochar yields are 47.0% for household waste, 46.0% for wheat straw, 46.7% for mulberry straw, 70.3% for old poultry manure, and 58.2% for fresh poultry manure. Similarly, at a temperature of 400°C, biochar yields are 57.4% for household waste, 57.3% for wheat straw, 32.9% for mulberry straw, 73.9% for old poultry manure, and 64.2% for fresh poultry manure. At 500°C, the respective yields are 55.4%, 35.1%, 28.2%, 61.3%, and 41.3%. Finally, at 600°C, the yields are 39.0% for household waste, 30.1% for wheat straw, 24.8% for mulberry straw, 60.9% for old poultry manure, and 43.8% for fresh poultry manure. The carbon content in the resulting biochar is of utmost importance as it contributes to the enrichment of organic carbon in the soil. The analysis revealed that the carbon content in biochar obtained from household waste is 67.3% at 300°C, 55.67% at 350°C, 63.69% at 400°C, 55.09% at 500°C, and 49.6% at 600°C. Notably, the highest carbon content was observed at a temperature of 300°C. Based on the study's outcomes, household waste is recommended as a viable raw material for biochar production in Uzbekistan's specific conditions.
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