Influence of Different Tillage Systems and Fertilization Regimes on Wheat Yield, Wheat Components and Water Use Efficiency

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract



FIELD experiment was carried out in the season of 2012/2013 at the Agriculture Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University to compare the effect of different fertilizers; Bio-fertilizer at different rates (B1, B2 and B3), mineral fertilizer (F1) and combination between mineral and organic fertilizers (F2 and F3) under different tillage systems (conventional tillage (CT), reduce tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT)) on some soil physical properties, yield, yield components of wheat, and water use efficiency. The results showed that the highest plant height, spike length, no. of grains and 1000 grain weight and grain yield were obtained under conventional tillage followed by reducing and no-tillage, respectively. The difference between CT and NT was significant, however, no significant difference was found between (RT) and each of (CT) and (NT). The results also showed that, under each tillage treatment, fertilization assured a significant increase in plant height, grain yield and yield components. The application of biofertilizer at a rate of 750 gm/fad increased grain yield and the studied traits compared to mineral and organic fertilizers treatments. Using biofertilizer at the rate of 750 gm/fad reduced the difference in grain and straw yield among tillage treatments. Among mineral and organic fertilizers treatments, the highest grain yield and its components were obtained with the combined treatment (75 % NP + 75 % compost).Water use efficiency (WUE) was also affected by the interaction effect between tillage systems and fertilization regimes. The highest (WUE) was obtained using CT fertilized with biofertilizer rate of 750 gm/fad. While the lowest (WUE) was obtained using NT fertilized with mineral fertilizers only. As a conclusion, the application of the appropriate rate of biofertilizer and combination treatment (75 % NP and 75 % compost) under all tillage treatments had worked out in the same manner. These two fertilization treatments reduce the difference in grain yield and yield components between the no-tillage and both of conventional and reduce tillage systems. Therefore, Reduce tillage and No-tillage system could be applied with the attention to the corresponding fertilization in order to increase wheat productivity.

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 December 2013
  • Revise Date: 04 January 2014
  • Accept Date: 05 January 2014

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