Influence of Water Deficit on Seed Yield and Seed Quality of Faba bean under Saline Soil Conditions at North Sinai, Egypt

IMPACTS of climate change on crop yield losses and increasing in
water demand show that Egypt is vulnerable to climate change
because of it’s depending on the Nile River basically. The greatchallenge
of enhancing the agriculture is increasing the water use efficiency. A
field trial was designed in Complete Randomize Block Design and
carried out in Saline Soil at Sahl El-Tina (North Sinia) during the two
winter seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/ 2013, to study the response of
faba bean yield and seed quality to differential water regimes. The
experiment included three water irrigation schedules 3600, 6000 and
7200 m3/ha from El-Salam Canal and two varieties of faba bean
(Nobaria-1 and Sakha-3). The results indicate the decline in soil salinity
values with increasing the water supply regimes. Applying the water
regime 7200 m3/ha results in decreasing the soil salinity with 30%
compared to the water regime 3600 m3/ha in both seasons.
Nevertheless, the results show that weight of seeds/plant (g) and plant
height (cm) decreased with reducing of the water supply. Seed quality,
high protein, carbohydrate percent, radical length and seedling dry
weight were accompanying with low water application (3600 m3/ha).
Water use efficiency was convenient with lower water supplies. Using
the water regime of 6000 m3/ha with Sakha-3 under saline soil
conditions was more efficient according to the concept of water saving,
water use efficiency, seed quality and yield.