ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Distribution and mobility of vanadium in cultivated calcareous soils and some food chain crops
Recently, vanadium levels have been increased in soil crust particularly in industrial areas. Vanadium content in food directly depends upon total initial content in soil. The distribution and mobility of vanadium in some calcareous soils along northwestern coastal region of Egypt were studied. The relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and vanadium fractions was studied. The results indicate that the less dominant chemical speciation of vanadium in calcareous soils was soluble and exchangeable vanadium followed by vanadium bound to carbonate < vanadium bound to organic matter < vanadium bound to Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides < vanadium bound to soil matrix (residual). The major species of vanadium was the residual form that accounted for 81.6 % to 90.1% of total vanadium. The mobility index of vanadium was found to be in the following sequence according to the studied cities Burg El Arab > Al Alameen > Marsa Matrouh > El Hammam > Ras Alhekma > Al Dabaa > Sidi Abdl Rahman. The mobility index ranged among 0.8 % and 4.2 %. The high concentrations of vanadium in the studied plants were found in those around industrial areas of Burg El Arab city.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3276_eaeb4071f062eb5b327e070447b90d1d.pdf
2017-12-01
385
392
10.21608/ejss.2017.550.1073
Vanadium levels
Vanadium fractions
Calcareous Soils
food chain
Coastal region
Doaa
Taha
doaataha63@yahoo.com
1
Desert Research Center
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abou-Shady
aboushady@ymail.com
2
Desert Research center
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sahar
Ismaeil
dr.sahar.mohamedi@gmail.com
3
Desert Research Center
AUTHOR
Nabil
Bahnasawy
nabilmohamed597@gmail.com
4
Desert Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Deficit Irrigation During Growth Stages on Water Use Efficiency of Carrot Under El-Ismailia Conditions
This experiment was performed during the summer seasons 2015 - 2016, at a private farm in the El Kasasin area, Ismailia governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of deficit irrigation (DI) during growth stages compared to full irrigation (FI) under surface drip (SDI) and sub- surface drip (SSDI) on marketable yield (Ym), plant quality parameters, water use efficacy (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of carrot (Daucus carota L.) crop. The experimental design was a split plot design with three replicates. The obtained results indicated that, the values of quality parameters, Ym, ETa for carrot roots decreased with increasing DI during the growth stages especially (initial and development stages) except L-ascorbic acid content and total sugar content which increased with increasing DI under SDI and SSDI for both seasons. In addition; the maximum values of Ym for carrot roots were 8.38 and 8.56 Mg fed-1 , respectively, under the FI (I=100, D=100, M=100, L=100%) and SSDI treatment. While, the minimum values of ETa were 154.00 and 157.79 mm , respectively, under the DI (I=60, D=60, M=60, L=100%) and SSDI treatment. Moreover, the values of WUE and IWUE under the DI (I=80, D=80, M=60, L=100%) and SSDI treatment for both seasons increased significantly to reach; 50 and 28 % compared with the control treatment (FI and SDI). Finally, the DI (I=80, D=80, M=60, L=100%) and SSDI treatments save approxymately 34% of the applied irrigation water although the reduction of Ym was approxymately 4% compared with the control treatment (FI and SDI). Deficit irrigation (DI) strategy has been chosen for use in the study as it maximizes irrigation water productivity and optimizes crop yields.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3277_4643c622a0ecf00ece53cb503fdbd45a.pdf
2017-12-01
393
406
10.21608/ejss.2017.612.1076
Deficit irrigation, Actual evapotranspiration
Water use efficiency, Irrigation water use efficiency
ali
ali
ali_amr5555562@yahoo.com
1
desert research center
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Enhancing seed germination and seedlings development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) by SiO2 nanoparticles
Our knowledge concerning the mode of action of engineered nanoparticles in agriculture is still lacking. The key point of this study is to investigate the role of nano-silica (NS) to enhance seed germination and growth development of common bean. Four different concentrations of NS suspensions (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg L-1) were supplemented to nursery and growth media. Our results showed that 300 mg L-1 of NS increased the final germination percentage from 82.3 to 97.7%, germination speed from 24.9 to 36.2% / day, vigour index from 14.3 to 20.2, and decreased the mean germination time from 4.3 to 3.3 days. Strikingly, 300 mg L-1 of NS increased the root dry mass of common bean seedlings by 93.5%, shoot dry mass by 78.7%, root length by 32.7%, and shoot length by 13.2% versus untreated seedlings.This study proved that NS is able to improve germination and growth of common bean as a result for altering some physiochemical reactions after penetrating the seed coat.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3476_4dd466de8f800d7629b18a2adf913c96.pdf
2017-12-01
407
415
10.21608/ejss.2017.891.1098
Nano-silica
seed germination
Growth dynamic
common bean
Abdullah
Alsaeedi
2012ahs@gmail.com
1
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
Hassan
El-Ramady
ramady2000@gmail.com
2
soil and water dept. faculty of agriculture
AUTHOR
Tarek
Alshaal
alshaaltarek@gmail.com
3
Soil and water Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh Uni., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahdi
Almohsen
soilph329@gmail.com
4
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spatial and Temporal Changes of Land Productivity East of The Nile River (Damietta Branch), Egypt
The growing demand for food with a simultaneously increased population raised the pressure on land and soil resources. Hence, monitoring their productivity enable refining management practices in order to improve the performance. The current work aimed at evaluating spatial and temporal variations in the productive capacity of 2157.65 km2 (215765 ha) located along the Nile River (Damietta branch), Egypt. The soils belong to three productivity classes; grade I (excellent), grade II (good) and grade III (average), representing 4.6, 79.3 and 16.1%, respectively of the total area. Changes in the land productivity were observed during the last five decades. The positive changes are predominant in the majority of the studied soils (76%), while the negative changes are in few localities (24%). Excessive salt content, improper drainage conditions and texture/structure are the most effective limiting factors. Improving land productivity grade requires improving drainage conditions, leaching excessive salt, and addition of organic amendments.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3477_df4d918c9775975cc251e7e116ec1e28.pdf
2017-12-01
417
428
10.21608/ejss.2017.658.1083
Land productivity
Land management
Land characteristics
East Nile River
Ahmed
Abuzaid
ahmed.abuzaid@fagr.bu.edu.eg
1
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of transplanting date influence on processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production using the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CROPGRO-Tomato simulation model A case study for northeastern Italy
I talian processed tomato has a major dominance at the global level but few studies have been conducted using a cropping systems analysis approach for this crop.The objective of this research was to evaluate the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CROPGRO-Tomato of the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) software with experimental data obtained from field studies conducted in Legnaro, northeastern Italy in 2009 and 2010. The experiment encompassed four transplanting dates with ten-day intervals from 22nd March (TD1, 2, 3, and 4), and two processing tomato varieties (Augusto F1 (De Ruiter), and NPT 63 (S & G)) comparing mulched and non-mulched plots. A comparison of yield for the different transplanting dates showed that earlier transplanting increased yield for both varieties, there was a variation in yield between varieties in both years. Calibration of CSM-CROPGRO-Tomato model using non-mulched data of 2009 showed that index of agreement (d-Stat) between observations and model simulation for different parameters (total dry matter, fruits fresh and dry weight, vegetative dry matter, number of fruits, harvest index and leaf area index) using both varieties ranged from 0.562 to 0.964 at TD1, from 0.915 to 0.992 at TD2, from 0.566 to 0.990 at TD3, and from 0.733 to 0.998 at TD4. Values of d-Stat for model calibration were lower for leaf area index, which ranged from 0.511 to 0.924. Model calibration using TD1 gave acceptable simulation, whereas it was quite high with the other transplanting dates. CSM-CROPGRO-Tomato model could be used as a decision-making tool helping in regional short term plans.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3678_f949ab587691005c535c660774a354b9.pdf
2017-12-01
429
442
10.21608/ejss.2017.504.1067
DSSAT
crop simulation
calibration
validation
Mulching soil
Rainy season
and Fruit fresh weight
Maha
Elsayed
mha1182000@yahoo.com
1
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 6 Michel Bakhoum st. - Dokki - Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Medany
rumedany@yahoo.com
2
Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MALR), 9 Gamaa st., Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Gerrit
Hoogenboom
gerrit@ufl.edu
3
Preeminent Scholar, Institute for Sustainable Food Systems, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 184 Frazier Rogers Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0570, USA
AUTHOR
Michele
Rinaldi
michele.rinaldi@entecra.it
4
Consiglio Per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura, Unit di ricerca per i sistemi colturali degli ambienti caldo-aridi (CRA-SCA), Via Celso Ulpiani 5, 70125 Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Stefano
Bona
stefano.bona@unipd.it
5
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
AUTHOR
Paolo
Sambo
paolo.sambo@unipd.it
6
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
On- Farm Soil Management Practices for Improving Soil Properties and Productivity of Rice and Wheat under Salt-Affected Soils at North Delta, Egypt
Field trails were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station (El-Hamrawy farm), Kafr El-Sheikh governorate in salt affected soils. Growth cycle included rice and wheat. rice was applied for three successive seasons (2013-2013/2014 and 2014).The soil was treated with gypsum, mole drain, farmyard manure and biofertilizer combined with different sources of nitrogen (urea, ammonia gas and ammonium sulphate). The highest rates of salt leaching were achieved with the application of gypsum combined with the injection of ammonia gas followed by the application of gypsum plus urea or gypsum plus urea and biofertilizer. The soil sodicity decreased after three seasons with all treatments combined with different nitrogen sources. Application of gypsum combined with the construction of mole drain at 4 m spacing, ammonia gas, farmyard manure and biofertilizer had the highest value of infiltration rate at the end of the growth cycle compared with the values before starting the experiment, while the application of gypsum plus biofertilizer and urea produced the lowest infiltration rate. The bulk density and total porosity were positively affected by the application of gypsum, mole drain combined with ammonia gas, farmyard manure and biofertilizer. The application of gypsum plus farmyard manure and ammonia gas or mole drain at 4 m spacing combined with biofertilizer, farmyard manure and ammonia gas increased the yield and irrigation water use efficiency of rice and wheat.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3724_d1abcd00037528783f952334634839fb.pdf
2017-12-01
445
453
10.21608/ejss.2017.127.1108
Salt-affected soils
Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
biofertilizer
mole drain
rice
Wheat
Mahmoud
Saied
mahmoudsaied@yahoo.com
1
Soils, water and environment research institute, ARC
AUTHOR
Gamal
Elsanat
gamal.sanat@yahoo.com
2
Soils, water and environment research institute, ARC
AUTHOR
Nasser
Talha
nassertalha89@yahoo.com
3
Soils, water and environment research institute, ARC
LEAD_AUTHOR
Serry
El Barbary
barbary@yahoo.com
4
Soils, water and environment research institute, ARC
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of magnesium fertilization on yield and nutrients uptake by maize grown on two different soils
Magnesium deficiency occurs as result to its low content in soil, competition with other cations especially calcium and potassium and its removal by crops. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of applying magnesium at various rates and methods: as a soil application i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg magnesium sulphate fed-1, and as foliar spray of 0.25 and 0.5% Mg twice on maize yield components, nutrient status and uptake and the relationships between Mg and both K and Ca for maize grown on two different soils during two summer growing seasons of 2015 and 2016. The first experiment was carried out in clay loam soil at Talkha district, Dakahlia Governorate (31° 16' 72.71" N, 31° 46' 25.80" E), and the second in sandy soil at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station (30.6° 35' 30" N, 32.2° 14' 50" E), Egypt. Results showed that the application of Mg-rates significantly increased grain and stalk yields, 100-grain weight, grain content of oil, protein, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn, and the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn by stalk yield, with the superiority for Mg-rates 50 Kg fed-1 and 0.5% Mg foliar spray in clay loam soil, and for the rate 75 Kg fed-1 in sandy soil. As well as relationships between Mg and K or Ca at ear leaf demonstrated that K:Mg and Ca:Mg ratios increased with the foliar spray of Mg and soil addition of Mg-rates up to 50 kg fed-1 in both soils.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3822_34fc970e9173af6cde10f0822a75b098.pdf
2017-12-01
455
466
10.21608/ejss.2017.1271.1113
Magnesium fertilization
maize yield
soil texture and nutrient relationships and uptake
Ramadan
El-Dissoky
r.eldissoky@yahoo.com
1
Egyptian
LEAD_AUTHOR
Faten
Al-Kamar
fatenaalkamar@yahoo.com
2
Egyptain
AUTHOR
Rashad
Derar
rashadderar@yahoo.com
3
Egyptain
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of water regime and antitranspirants foliar on production and yield of cabbage in summer season
Field experiments were performed during the summer seasons of 2014 and 2015 at El-Baramon Experimental Farm, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of irrigation levels and some foliar applications of antitranspirants on the growth, yield, water use efficiency and NPK content of cabbage grown in clayey-textured soil. Results indicated that frequent irrigation with 100% replenishment of evaporation losses resulted in the highest fresh and head weight, stem diameter, yield and NPK content. On other hand, the flowering and dry matter percentage recorded a negative liner. Water use efficiency recorded high value with either100% or 80 % replenishment of evaporation losses. Also, the antitranspirants foliar application increased significantly all characters under study. Whereas, the beneficial effect of antitranspirants foliar application can be arranged as follows: CaCO3> kaolin> K2SO4> plastic film> mineral oil as compared with the untreated plants. Apparently, plant growth, yield and NPK content increased with evaporation replenishment at 80% level and with the application of antitranspirants and decreased with increasing water stress (60%). Generally, it could be concluded that the treatment of 80% replenishment of evaporation within 3% CaCO3was the best combination and it could be recommended for cabbage (c.v. Balady) grown under similar field conditions in order to get optimum yield and to save irrigation water. Generally, it could be concluded that the treatment of 80% replenishment of evaporation within 3% CaCO3 was the best combination and it could be recommended for cabbage c.v. Balady grown under similar field conditions in order to get optimum yield and to save irrigation water.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_4056_1b570d1b30bd94460751dccf83ee8998.pdf
2017-12-01
467
476
10.21608/ejss.2017.1419.1120
cabbage
Irrigation
Water stress
antitranspirants
Abd-Elmonem
Ramadan
ramadnaziz3@gmail.com
1
Vegt. Ras. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Omar
mmmsiwa@mans.edu.eg
2
Soils dept. Faculty of agriculture Mansoura University , Elmansoura, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of wheat plants to irrigation with magnetized water under Egyptian soil conditions
A magnetic device was designed and manufactured to assess the implications of using magnetized saline water for crop irrigation on plant growth parameters and properties of soils grown thereon. To reach this aim, four soil types differing in their textures and contents of soluble salts, were sampled, uniformly packed in PVC columns and then cultivated with wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.). Two weeks later, plants received one of the following treatments for water irrigation i.e., tap water (0.4 dS m-1), magnetized tap water, saline water (7.5 dS m-1) and magnetized saline water at a rate of 120% of FC to collect water draining from each column. Significant improvements in both the growth and yield parameters of wheat as well as in the soil chemical properties (i.e. pH, ECe, Na+, Cl-, SAR, available N, P and K contents) occurred due to irrigation with the magnetized saline water compared to irrigation with the non-magnetized saline ones. This magnetized waters seemed to increase the leachability of salts downwards the soil columns. The corresponding increases attained by magnetized saline water were higher than those attained by magnetized tap water. Also, NPK contents increased significantly within the different plant parts owing to magnetizing the irrigation water. Moreover, phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency increased significantly due to the irrigation with the magnetized waters i.e., the saline or the non-saline one compared with those received the non-magnetized waters. In conclusion, magnetizing irrigation water of low quality might reduce its negative implications on the grown plants and minimize accumulation of salts with the surface top soil.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5018_50f754411456fc979d7090042b4c9eee.pdf
2017-12-01
477
488
10.21608/ejss.2017.1605.1122
Magnetized saline water
Clayey soil
sandy soil
Salt-affected soils
Salt movement
wheat plant
Shaimaa
Abd-Elrahman
shaimaa_hassan@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Qalubia, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Osama
Shalaby
o.a.shalaby@gmail.com
2
Plant Production Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Development of Land Capability and Suitability Maps for Bahariya Oasis, Egypt
The Soils in Bahariya Oasis are promising for land reclamation projects due to their location and availability of groundwater resources for crop irrigation. The objectives of this work were to evaluate land capability of soils in Bahariya Oasis and to make an assessment of their suitability for certain crops. For this purpose, 31 geo-referenced soil profiles were dag, field described and classified. Also, 68 soil samples were collected from these profiles and analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. Water samples were also collected from irrigation wells and analyzed for their chemical quality parameters. Land evaluation was carried out using the Agriculture Land Evaluation System for arid and semi-arid regions (ASLEarid). The obtained results indicated that soils in Bahariya Oasis were located into three capability classes, which are good (C2), fair (C3) and poor (C4). The first class (C2) was represented by only one soil map unit (SMU10). Soils in that SMU have fair soil index (SI) and low soil fertility index (SFI). The second class (C3) included most of the studied SMUs (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 11). Soils in that class have poor to fair SI and SFI. The third class (C4) included SMUs 1 and 7. Soils in that class have poor SI and SFI. Poor land capabilities were found to be associated with poor soil texture, high salinity, low available water, high hydraulic conductivity and low fertility. However, these limitations are not permanent and most of them can be improved through proper management practices.Land suitability for the selected field crops showed that wheat, sunflower and alfalfa were highly (S1) to conditionally suitable (S4), whereas barely, peanut, maize, faba bean and sugar beet were moderately high (S2) to conditionally suitable (S4) in all SMUs. On the other hand, the selected vegetable crops showed that tomato and watermelon were highly (S1) to conditionally suitable (S4) and onion, pea, pepper and potato were moderately high (S2) to conditionally suitable (S4) in all SMUs. The selected fruit trees ranged from highly suitable (S1) to actually unsuitable (NS2) with date palm and fig, whereas olive, grape, citrus and pear ranged from moderately high (S2) to actually unsuitable (NS2) in most of the soils. Non-suitable areas were due to soil depth restrictions and high salinity, which can be modified through appropriate management practices.
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5215_4ab9ac022b6db6a4d4c5060b1aedb370.pdf
2017-12-01
489
503
10.21608/ejss.2017.5215
Soil evaluation
Land capability
Land suitability
ASLEarid
GIS
A. A.
Elnaggar
1
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR