@article { author = {}, title = {Manufacturing Amino Acids Biofertilizers from Agricultural Wastes. I- Usage of Tomatoes and Sugar Beet Straw to Prepare Organic Synthesized Fertilizers}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {461-474}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.186}, abstract = {FOR RECYCLING of some agricultural wastes, tomato and sugar ……beet straw were used to produce different organic fertilizers. Six products of synthesized fertilizers were prepared at the laboratory of Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Amino acids were prepared by acid hydrolysis of the wastes using sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 6M) with the ratio of 1:3 (tomato or sugar beet straw: hydrolytic agent) under 105oC for 24 hr into an air oven. For chelation of micronutrients, their salts in addition to boric acid were used. They were separately dissolved in 20 ml of distilled water and mixed with compound amino acids hydrolysis product then the whole mixture was diluted to 1L. The mixture was then kept on a shaker for 4 hr to form chelates. For the synthesized fertilizer which contains macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg), urea, KOH, KH2PO4, CaCl2 and MgSO4.7H2O were applied as a source of macronutrients before micronutrients salts applying. For the synthesized fertilizer which contain just macro nutrients (NPK), after hydrolysis completion, urea, KOH, and KH2PO4 were added. The obtained results indicated that wastes of agriculture like tomatoes or sugar beet straw can be used through hydrolyzing it as a source of amino acids (protein hydrolysate known as amino acids liquid) that mixed with micro and macro nutrients and could be applied to the growing plants. In this concern fertilizers prepared from tomato, wastes are somewhat enriched in their contents of amino acids than those from sugar beet wastes, and both of them contain 17 amino acids. Ofthe highest amino acids concentration was aspartic, glycine and glutamic acids.}, keywords = {agricultural wastes,Tomato and sugar beet straw,Synthetic organic fertilizers,Amino acids}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_186.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_186_5706b6500ba7e5e9a230fbef08aa04ec.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Distribution of Selenium in some Egyptian Soils}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {475-488}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.187}, abstract = {DISTRIBUTION and Se content of soils have received much..attention mainly in countries where the role of Se in human and animal health has been widely recognized. The objective of this study is to assess soil properties which are most highly related to distribution and soil Se content in some different Egyptian locations. Twelve soil profiles from some different Egyptian areas (i.e., Matrouh, El-Arish, El-Hesynia Plain, El-Tina Plain, El-Mansoura, El-Gabal EL-Asfar, El-Fayoum and Toshki) were selected. Soil samples were collected from following depths 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm. Data showed that total and available Se in soil were different depending on the soil location and also the soil characteristics. The obtained correlation between indigenous soil parameters and selenium concentration showed that soil parameters, e.g., clay, cation exchange capacity, pH and sulfur content, were the most effective on soil selenium content.}, keywords = {selenium,Parent material,Soil forming factors and alluvial deposits}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_187.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_187_a1083b93d129be6bd0e82ab9d7387cca.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Study the Effect of Biofertilization and Cobalt on Growth and Productivity of Guar Plant under New Valley Conditions}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {489-508}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.188}, abstract = {TO INVESTIGATE the effect of biofertilization using Pseudomonas ……fluorescens and cobalt on growth and productivity of guar (Cyamposis tetragonoloba L.) under desert soil conditions. A field experiment was carried out for two successive seasons of 2010 and 2011 at the agriculture experimental station at El-Kharga Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt. Bradyrhizobium spp. was used to inoculate seeds of all treatments and control as base application. Pseudomonas fluorescens was used as seed inoculant and cobalt at concentrations (5,10 and 20ppm) as foliar application in single and mixed treatment with Pseudomonas. Obtained results indicated that, interaction treatment between P. fluorescens inoculation and cobalt foliar application (20ppm) had the highest record for guar plant growth parameters, yield and its components as well as mineral contents of seeds (N,P,K as macronutrients) and (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu as micronutrient). Cobalt content in plant and seed, nodulation and its efficiency and microbial activity in guar rhizosphere.}, keywords = {guar,Cyamposis tetragonolba,Cobalt,biofertilization,Pseudomonas fluorescens}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_188.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_188_2997af47968337b19315b741eb7efaa1.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Biofertilization and Silicon Foliar Application on Productivity of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under New Valley Conditions}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {509-536}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.189}, abstract = {TWO field experiments were carried out at Desert Research Center (D.R.C.), Agricultural Experimental Station at EL-Kharga, New Valley Governorate, during the two summer growing seasons of 2010 and 2011, these experiments aimed to study the effect of biofertilization (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium (PDB) and mixture of two isolates) and silicon spraying rates (200, 400, 600,800 and 1000 mg/L.) against control on the productivity of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by using cultivar Sakha 53. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot design with four replicates. Foliar application of silicon treatments was arranged in the main plots and biofertilization treatments in the sub-plots. Results showed that both spraying silicon and biofertilization treatments had an enhancement effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaves surface area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant and stem diameter, also head diameter, seeds number/head and 100-seed weight as well as seed and straw yields. Moreover, seed oil percentage and oil yield. The enhancement effect of all above-mentioned traits with inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum, PDB individual or mixed compared with the control treatment (without biofertilization). Also, a remarkable influence of the interaction between silicon foliar application and biofertilization treatments on all yield and yield components. Results also indicated significant microbial activity in rhizosphere soil expressed by total microbial counts, CO2 evolution, Azotobacter and Phosphate dissolving bacteria counts and Enzymatic activities (Dehydrogenase,Nitrogenase and Phosphatase) exhibited a positive response in all treatments compared to uninoculated control.}, keywords = {Sunflower,silicon,biofertilization,Azotobacter Chroococcum,Bacillus megatherium,Yield and its components and Oil yield}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_189.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_189_c93e3a6a697a51cc1125312e6a656a89.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Yield, Quality and Micronutrients Uptake of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) and some Soil Properties as Affected by Organic Fertilizers and Elemental Sulphur Application}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {537-554}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.190}, abstract = {A FIELD experiment was conducted at the Experimental FarmFaculty of Agriculture, (Saba-Basha) - Alexandria University, during 2011 growing season to study the effect of four organic fertilizers (control, chicken manure, cattle manure and compost) and four rates of sulphur (0, 100, 200 and 400 kg S Fed-1) and their interactions on the yield (dry mass), quality (T.S.S, sugar and protein contents) and uptake of micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) of carrot (Daucus carota L.). After plant harvest, the soil pH, EC and availability of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in soil were determined. These results showed that organic fertilizers increased significantly the dry mass and T.S.S, sugar, nitrogen concentrations and protein contents of carrots than that plants not received any fertilizer. The highest response was obtained with chicken manure followed by cattle manure and then compost. The organic fertilizers increased Fe and Cu uptake and the amounts of available Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in soil compared with the control soil.On the other hand, organic fertilizers decreased Mn and Zn of carrot plant compared with control. Also, application of cattle manure and compost decreased significantly pH andEC of soil except with chicken manure. Increasing sulphur application rates increased significantly the dry mass, T.S.S, sugar and protein content and micronutrients uptake by the carrot. Also, application of elemental sulphur increased the soil EC, available micronutrients and decreased soil pH. The highest response of carrot depends substantially on the interactions of sulphur and organic fertilizer. The highest values of dry mass, total soluble solid, sugar and protein content and Fe and Cu uptake by plant roots were observed with application of chicken manure combined with sulphur at a rate 400 kg fed-1. Also, Cu, Mn and Zn availability in soil was observed with application of chicken manure combined with sulphur at a rate 400 kg fed-1,while Fe available was observed with application of chicken manure combined with sulphur at a rate 100 kg fed-1.Correlation analyses showed the influence oforganic fertilizers and sulphur as important materials for improving the uptake of the Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in carrot plant.}, keywords = {Carrot,S-elemental,compost,chicken manure,cattle manure,Micronutrients}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_190.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_190_53d298c6b32bacdbe626d13699e7c096.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Phosphorus Fractions in some Calcareous Soils of Egypt as Affected by Aging and their Properties}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {555-566}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.191}, abstract = {IDENTIFYING the predominate individual forms of inorganic P in soils is helpful in the determined potential availability of P in calcareous soils. Therefore, the current investigation was conducted to study the distribution of P amongst the different fractions of some calcareous soils as affected by the period of soil cultivation and also the extent to which some soil properties affect such a distribution. Fulfilling such objectives was executed by carrying out a P fractionation experiment whose results showed that AB-DTPA extractable fraction (available) was highly and significantly affected by Fe,Al-P fraction. Ca-P fraction was very much greater than the other P-fractions in all the investigated soils. Within all the investigated soils, the Fe-Al-bound fraction contained P in concentrations far lower than the Ca-bound fraction. Occluded- P was found in the lowest concentrations. The residual P fraction was found in quantities almost equal to or even exceeding the other total extractable fractions. Fe, Al-P fraction correlated at a high level of significance with each of the occluded-P and residual-P fraction as well as the total-P content. This means that Fe, Al-P fraction can be under certain circumstances converted to either of both of occluded and residual fractions. Occluded-P fraction showed highly significant correlations with each of Fe, Al-P and residual-P fractions and at the same time, it correlated but only at a significance level of 5% with total-P. Non- of the investigated P-fractions was affected by either of the studied properties solely but more than of these properties contributed together to affect the different soil P fractions. For example, Fe, Al-P correlated significantly with sand, silt, CaCO3 and EC while each of the occluded-P, residual-P and total-P content showed significant correlation with CaCO3, EC and CEC together. Ca-P fraction was affected by sand, clay and EC. The relationships between AB-DTPA extractable fraction (the available P fraction) and the different soil properties indicate that both silt and CaCO3 contents significantly and negatively affected the AB-DTPA extractable P. It can be deduced that the different soil properties, although varied in their contribution to determine the amount of AB-DTPA extractable P, yet the role of either of these properties cannot be neglected.}, keywords = {P fractionation,Calcareous Soils,long-term fertilization,soil properties}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_191.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_191_03f8198c0e351622b9dccdc942527353.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Water Table Contribution to Faba Bean Water Use}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {567-578}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.192}, abstract = {LYSIMETER experiment on sandy loam soil was conducted to estimate the contribution of the water table to meet the water requirements of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). The lysimeters were connected to a tank with Marriotte siphon and a piezometer to maintain the water table level (WT) at the desired depths, which consisted of 50, 70 and 90 cm from the soil surface. The results of this study showed that there is no high difference between the values of actualevapotranspiration (Eta) for this crop under the three levels of WT. It slightly increased with increasing water table depth. As well as, 70 cm WT treatment showed that it can be considered suitable conditions. At this level, the amount of water was meet the requirements of the crop which cause significant high values of its water use efficiency (WUE) and water economy (WE) and also a maximum grain yield. Compared to a high WT level 50 cm or a deep WT level 90 cm where the crop depends basically on the water irrigation requirements.}, keywords = {Water table contribution,crop water requirements,Faba bean}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_192.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_192_07c4f24508e5e373bf01c752bd8091ab.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Influence of Different Tillage Systems and Fertilization Regimes on Wheat Yield, Wheat Components and Water Use Efficiency}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {579-593}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.193}, abstract = {FIELD experiment was carried out in the season of 2012/2013 at the Agriculture Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University to compare the effect of different fertilizers; Bio-fertilizer at different rates (B1, B2 and B3), mineral fertilizer (F1) and combination between mineral and organic fertilizers (F2 and F3) under different tillage systems (conventional tillage (CT), reduce tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT)) on some soil physical properties, yield, yield components of wheat, and water use efficiency. The results showed that the highest plant height, spike length, no. of grains and 1000 grain weight and grain yield were obtained under conventional tillage followed by reducing and no-tillage, respectively. The difference between CT and NT was significant, however, no significant difference was found between (RT) and each of (CT) and (NT). The results also showed that, under each tillage treatment, fertilization assured a significant increase in plant height, grain yield and yield components. The application of biofertilizer at a rate of 750 gm/fad increased grain yield and the studied traits compared to mineral and organic fertilizers treatments. Using biofertilizer at the rate of 750 gm/fad reduced the difference in grain and straw yield among tillage treatments. Among mineral and organic fertilizers treatments, the highest grain yield and its components were obtained with the combined treatment (75 % NP + 75 % compost).Water use efficiency (WUE) was also affected by the interaction effect between tillage systems and fertilization regimes. The highest (WUE) was obtained using CT fertilized with biofertilizer rate of 750 gm/fad. While the lowest (WUE) was obtained using NT fertilized with mineral fertilizers only. As a conclusion, the application of the appropriate rate of biofertilizer and combination treatment (75 % NP and 75 % compost) under all tillage treatments had worked out in the same manner. These two fertilization treatments reduce the difference in grain yield and yield components between the no-tillage and both of conventional and reduce tillage systems. Therefore, Reduce tillage and No-tillage system could be applied with the attention to the corresponding fertilization in order to increase wheat productivity.}, keywords = {Conventional tillage,No tillage,Reduce tillage,biofertilizer,mineral fertilizer,Organic fertilizer,wheat crop}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_193.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_193_6fcc5318c861ae05c2c65a00f8de36e9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Improving some Physical Properties of Sandy Soil and Conocarpus erectus L. Plant Growth by the Application of Hydrogel}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {595-611}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.194}, abstract = {SOIL physical properties of a growing medium are important ……. for optimal plant growth. The present factorial pot experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2010 and 2011. The study aimed at investigating the effects of synthetic commercial amendment (hydrogel) levels applied under two irrigation rates, to assess their influence on some sandy soil physical properties and buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus L.) seedlings growth traits. The irrigation rates were 65 and 35% of the available soil moisture depletion (ASMD), whereas the hydrogel levels were 0.00 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20%. Soil physical properties were evaluated by determining the total porosity, field capacity, wilting point, available water, and soil bulk density. Moreover, the plant height, root length, shoots and roots fresh and dry weights and shoots: roots ratio, as expressions of seedlings growth responses, were also measured. Generally, the sandy soil physical properties, as well as the seedlings shoot and root growths, were improved by increasing hydrogel concentration in the soil when compared to their controls. The two irrigation rates also affected both of the soil properties and the seedlings growth. Furthermore, the highest concentration of the hydrogel amendment under 35% ASMD prolonged the soil water loss time; increased the field capacity, which reflected on the soil available water; encouraged the formation of aggregates that, in turn, decreased the soil bulk densities; and hence improved the seedling shoots and roots growth biometrics. This study demonstrates also that the addition of hydrogel to planting medium under different irrigation rates increases water use efficiency by preventing applied moisture from infiltrating beyond plant root zones and maximizing the portion of applied water available for plant uptake. Thereby amended sandy soil with hydrophilic-gel can be used in arid and semi-arid areas to provide a better environment for seedlings to grow.}, keywords = {soil amendment,Absorbent polymer,Water saving,Physical properties,water use efficiency,Buttonwood}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_194.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_194_4f796ebd915e47cb2fd68a739c204d86.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Growth and Metal Uptake of Basil and Mint Plants in Wastewater Irrigated Soil}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, pages = {613-625}, year = {2013}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2013.195}, abstract = {EFFECT of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus on growth and uptake of heavy metals by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and mint (Mentha piperita) was assessed in a pot experiment. Pots were filled with sterile and non-sterile soil, wastewater treated over 40 years. The soil was seeded with basil or mint plants (inoculated or not with Glomus geosporum). After 90 days, shoot dry matter (DM) and content of N, P, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were determined. AM increased shoot DM of both plants. Leaf N content was not affected, but P content in basil only increased with AM inoculation. Basil accumulated 109, 0.15, 4706, 199, 156 and 33 mg, whereas mint leaves accumulated 11, 0.25, 7001, 223, 117 and 28 mg kg-1 of Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, respectively. With AM concentrations of Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in basil leaves decreased by 44, 87, 22, 18, 25 and 39%, but in mint, the concentration increased by 35, 43, 13, 10, 8 and 22%, respectively. Data indicate that mint has a higher capacity than basil for metals accumulation and that AM fungi has a significant effect on metal uptake, but is dependent on the host plant.}, keywords = {bioremediation,Heavy metals,medicinal plants,Mycorrhizal fungi,Soil contamination}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_195.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_195_68b2a37070b427e287d51b8924711e2e.pdf} }