@article { author = {}, title = {Growth and Cadmium Content in Lettuce and Swiss Chard Plants as Affected by Zinc, Rock Phosphate and Organic Matter Applications}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {97-109}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.118}, abstract = {POT experiments were performed in the North Carolina State University greenhouse using Phosphogypsum/clay tailings from the Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan (PCS) phosphate mine site which contained about 2:1 Zn:Cd ratio. In the first season, lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa var. Parris Island) were grown on the PCS soil with increased Zn content (2:1, 5:1, 25:1, 50:1, 75:1, 100:1, 125:1, 150:1 and 200:1 Zn:Cd ratio) and with four levels of rock phosphate (0.5%, 1%, 2.5% and 5%). The residual effect of these treatments was determined by growing swiss chard plants (Beta vulgaris var. Lucullus) on the same treated soils. Five Zn:Cd ratios (2:1, 25:1, 100:1, 150:1 and 200:1) were used with the application of 1or 3% of composted leaves to determine the effect of organic material along with Zn applications on swiss chard uptake of Cd. The obtained results indicated that Cd concentration in lettuce plants was significantly and gradually decreased from 69.95 ppm to 29.64 ppm in the plants grown on the original PCS soil and the soil treated with 50:1 Zn:Cd ratios, respectively. Whereas the decrease of Cd concentrations in swiss chard plants was from 40.41 ppm to 32.11 ppm in plants grown on the original PCS soil and the soil with 25:1 Zn:Cd ratio, respectively. Compared with the original PCS soil, the application of 5% rock phosphate significantly decreased Cd uptake from 19.00 ppm to 12.59 ppm and from 35.17 ppm to 28.19 ppm in Lettuce and Swiss Chard plants, respectively. The application of 3% composted leaves generally decreased the amounts of Cd uptake by swiss chard plants. The goal of this study was to decrease the plant uptake of Cd by increasing Zn content with and without the application of organic material and also by rock phosphate application.}, keywords = {cadmium,zinc,Rock Phosphate,Organic Material,lettuce,Swiss chard}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_118.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_118_ce268a5a01081e5de67edbe31181b3cb.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Features of Desertified Soil in South of El-Hosainiya Plain, El- Sharqia Governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {111-119}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.122}, abstract = {THE CURRENT investigating was carried out to recognize the problems in south of El-Hosainiya Plain soils through studying some soil characteristics. To fulfill this purpose five soil profiles were taken to present five villages, i.e., El- Rowad, Khaled Ibn El-Waleed,El-Azhaar, El-Salah and Tarek IbnZiad. The results indicated that,soil reaction in the soils was alkaline. Soil salinity varied frommoderately to highly saline. Organic matter decreased with increasing depth. Cation exchange capacity was related to clay and organic matter contents. CaCO3 content ranged from 1.05 – 5.70% in the successivelayers of the studied soil profiles. On the other hand, the dominated texture was clay in all soil profiles. Concerning available macro nutrients; the highest values of available NP and K were; 53.2, 7.5 and 600 mg.kg-1, respectively in profile 2 in the layer (0-25),while the lowest values were; 16.8, 1.0, for N and P in profile 5 in the layer(100-150) and 160 mg Kg-1 for K in profile 4 in the layer (30-60). Regarding to available micronutrients; the highest values of available Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu were; 8.4, 2.3, 5.3and 2 mg.kg-1, in profiles 5, 4, 5 and 4 in layers (0-20), (30-60), (0-20) and (0-30), respectively. While the lowest value of Fe was 2.0 mg.kg-1 in profile 1 in the layer (100-150).But, the lowest values of Zn, Mn, and Cu were; 0.9, 1.8 and 0.67 mg.kg-1 in profile; 3 in layer (100-150), respectively. The obtained results revealed that the high risk of chemical vulnerability is due to soil salinization, alkalization and decreasing in organic matter and some nutrients.}, keywords = {Soil desertification,South El-Hosainiya plain,Soil salinization,Soil alkalization,Nutritional Status}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_122.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_122_67ef895d015297128910122d945c3e86.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Water Application Rate and Leaching Method on Reclamation of a Coastal Salt- Affected Soil of Harawah Region, Libya}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {121-130}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.125}, abstract = {RECLAMATION of salt-affected soils depends on many factors related to soil properties, water availability and quality, method of leaching and irrigation systems. This study aimed at investigating the effects of both water supplication rate and the leaching method in reclaiming a calcareous salt-affected coastal soil (EC= 36.76 dS m-1 ESP= 23.8% pH= 8.38) using the water of the Man-made River (EC= 1.48 dS m-1 and SAR= 3.71). Disturbed soil samples were collected from the study area to a depth of 50 cm and packed into PVC cylinders (60 cm long and 10 cm i.d.).The experiment comprised the treatments of seven water application rates expressed by the averagepore volume of the soil columns (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 PV) and twoleaching methods; continuous (CL) and discontinuous (DL) using a factorial design with three replications for each treatment. Soil EC, ESP and pH were determined and their relative changes to the initial values were calculated (ECrel, ESPrel and pHrel) and plotted against the number of PV of applied water to obtain the leaching curves. Reductions in parameters were significant with increasing the number of PV of water applied. The DL method proved to be more efficient than the CL method in reducing these soil parameters to acceptable levels (EC= 2.61 dS m-1, ESP= 4.61% and pH= 7.78) when 10 PV of water was applied. This means that less water and longer time period will be required if the DL method is adopted. Further field research must be conducted to account for field soil variability, efficiency of irrigation systems and climate and crop conditions.}, keywords = {Salt-affected soil,water application rate,Leaching method,Leaching curves,Efficiency}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_125.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_125_5e1eeb50a66111abfdcd3a5f1a09258e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Rhizobacteria and Water Quality on Some Soil Properties and Nutrient Uptake of Barley under Water Stress}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {131-147}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.127}, abstract = {A GREENHOUSE pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Azospirillum brasilenseAC1 and Bacillus subtilis AC2) in combination with different water resources (River Nile, El-Salam Canal and diluted sea waters, 1:10 ) and soil moisture depletion, SMD, levels (25, 50 and 75% of the soil field capacity, FC) on some soil properties (Soil pH, EC, available P and total bacterial counts) and barley (Hordeum vulgare var. Giza 28) grain yield and NPK uptake. The results indicated that use of diluted sea water for irrigation significantly reduced soil available P as compared to El-Salam canal and Nile waters. It also significantly increased soil pH values compared to Nile water. The results showed also that utilization of A. brasilense strain as inoculant for barley seeds significantly increased soil available P and decreased soil pH values compared to B. subtilis strain. Irrigating barley plants with the different water resources after depletion of 50% from soil FC significantly increased available P and decreased pH value as compared to 25 and 75% SMD levels. Soil salinity was found to be significantly decreased by irrigating the plants after SMD of 50 and 75% compared to 25%. The highest soil available P and EC were obtained with the treatments Nile water + A. brasilense + 50% SMD and diluted sea water + B. subtilis + 25% SMD level, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum pH value was recorded in the treatment El-Salam canal water + B. subtilis + 25% SMD level. Counts of total bacteria in the rhizospheric soil of barley increased with increasing growth period reaching their highest after 90 days from sowing date. After that, the counts markedly decreased reaching their lowest figures after 120 days. However, total rhizospheric bacterial counts decreased with increasing SMD level from 25 to 75%. Utilization of diluted sea water for irrigating barley plants significantly decreased grain yield and NPK uptake as compared to the Nile water. The higher the salinity of irrigation water, the lower were the values of grain yield and K uptake. Inoculating barley seedswith A. brasilense AC1 significantly increased barley grain N uptake compared to B. subtilis AC2. Grain yield and NPK uptake were found to be significantly reduced with increasing level of SMD from 25% to 75% FC. The highest grain yield and N uptake values were obtained with the treatment El-Salam canal water + A. brasilense AC1 + 25% SMD level. On the other hand, the highest grain P and K uptake were recorded under the treatments Nile water + A. brasilense AC1 + 25% SMD level and Nile water + B. subtilis AC2 + 25% SMD level, respectively.}, keywords = {SMD level and Nile water + B. subtilis AC2 + 25% SMD level,respectively}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_127.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_127_9c772449da03770cca4925d904e953d8.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Suitability of Irrigation and Drainage Waters in South El-Kalubia Governorate for Sustainable Agricultural Development under Salt Affected Soil Conditions}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {149-162}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.129}, abstract = {THE PURPOSE of this study was to assess water quality of irrigation and drainage waters in Southern part of El-Kalubia Governorate (441.5 km2). Stratified and random sampling was done to select representative water samples of irrigation and drain canals. Eleven water samples were taken from each of the irrigation canals and the drainage canals (drains). Eleven soil samples were also collected from the area. Water and soil samples were analyzed for pH and salinity. Out of the 11 irrigation water samples, 4 showed EC values below 0.75 dS/m being of " low to medium" salinity hazard, EC of the remaining was between 0.76 and 5.90 dS/m classified as of "high to very high" salinity hazard for irrigation. The pH was from 6.59 to 7.38 and SAR was from 1.46 to 7.98 in irrigation canals and classified as "low to high" for irrigation. Out of the 11 drainage water samples, 4 showed EC below 2.25 dS/m being of "low to medium" salinity hazard for irrigation. The remaining had EC of 2.42 to 7.46 dS/m and classified as of "high to excessive" salinity for irrigation. The pH ranged from 7.04 to 7.85 and SAR was from 3.31 to 11.12 and classified as "medium to high" for irrigation. Drainage water, in general,could be suitable for irrigation by mixing with canal water. About 55 % of the soils of the study area are saline non-sodic and 45% are non-saline non-sodic soils.}, keywords = {water quality,Irrigation Water,Drainage water,salinity hazard,sodicity hazard,El-Kalubia governorate}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_129.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_129_24de1cc62bd00504001b597e2099396e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Rationalizing the Use of Water of Salinity Hazards for Irrigating Maize Grown in a Saline Sodic Soil}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {163-175}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.131}, abstract = {SOILS of Fayoum depression are mostly salt affected and usually irrigated with water of EC around 1.2±0.2 dS m-1. The current research was conducted to investigate the effects of gypsum, organic manure and humic acid applied to a saline sodic clay soil (EC 5.7 ±0.1 ) singly or in combinations under two irrigation systems (furrow and drip systems) at two levels of irrigation (100% of the water requirements (WR) and 75% of WR) on water saving in relation to maize productivity. The results indicated that amendments significantly increased grain yield; more upon using each singly than in combination. Increases were more pronounced with increasing the amount of irrigation water from 75% of the WR to 100% of WR. Grainyield was significantly higher in the second growing season than the first one which means a successful sustaining production of maize in the area of study. Protein content in grains ranged from 144.2 to 163.7 g kg-1 which is higher than the protein content of the maize imported by Egypt from other countries. Virtual water values (VWV) ranged between 0.60 to 0.89 m3 kg-1 grains under drip system which was superior in the efficiency of using water for producing crop yield than values of 1.00 to 1.52 m3 kg-1 under the furrow system.}, keywords = {Maize,Saline sodic soil,gypsum,Humic acid,organic manure,Virtual water}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_131.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_131_06d8a353857e54ae004e78d2a529ec1a.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Implications of Organic Amendments and Tillage of A Sandy Soil on its Physical Properties and CSequestration as well as Its Productivity of Wheat and Maize Grown Thereon}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {177-194}, year = {2014}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2014.132}, abstract = {SOIL organic matter is an essential component of fertility of soils, especially the sandy ones. It also accounts for increasing the emission of the greenhouse gases (GHG). Efficient managements of applied organic amendments to soil are required to reduce GHG emission. The current research aimed at investigating the effects of farm yard manure and compost applied at two different rates, i.e., 24 and 48 Mg ha-1 using shallow (0-10 cm) or deep (0-20 cm) tillage operations on improving the physical properties of the studied soil, carbon sequestration in soil and its relation to the wheat and maize yields. Increases in aggregate stability, available water content and the grain yields of wheat, as well as maize, were obtained with the application of the organic amendments. Increasing the application rate resulted in more positive effects. The second degree equation seemed to be the best fitting model for predicting wheat and maizeyields as affected by the rate of the applied organic C. Shallow tillage led to higher trapping of soil CO2 and more residual organic carbon insoil after harvest than the deep tillage did.}, keywords = {Wheat,Maize,farmyard manure,compost,Soil tillage,CO2 trapping,Soil physical properties}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_132.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_132_4b5ed3e4e4535c05ab1a8d9f04c20272.pdf} }