@article { author = {Talat Rashad, Rama}, title = {Effect of Soaking Seeds in Some Growth Regulators on Wheat Grown in Sandy Soil}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {99-108}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2019.17506.1311}, abstract = {A research field experiment was carried out to study the effect of soaking wheat seeds before sowing in aqueous solutions of Gibberellic acid GA3 (2 g L-1), Salicylic acid SA, humic acid HA and potassium humate K-H (6 g L-1 each) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity under sandy soil conditions. Wheat yield (t ha-1) increased maximally by 4.57% for GA3 treatment while decreased by 7.65% for the HA treatment compared with the control. Seed yield (t ha-1) increased by 8.01% for K-H but decreased by 3.77% for HA. Shelling (%) increased significantly by 6.29% for K-H only while decreased by 3.73% for GA3. Treatments significantly affected soil available, seed total and Si-uptake by wheat seed. Available Si in soil (mg kg-1) significantly decreased in the order GA3 by 23.39% > HA by 20.71% > K-H by 13.4 > SA by 7.55%. Total Si (g kg-1) in seeds significantly increased in the order GA3 by 700% > SA by 672.73% > HA by 386.36% but decreased by 22.73% for K-H for which Si-uptake decreased significantly by 16.54%. The studied plant growth regulators (PGRs) may affect the soaked wheat seeds physiologically and result in an interrupted nutrient uptake due to imbalanced nutrient availability including NPK and Si. However, soaking in K-H can be recommended and preferable than GA3, HA, and SA for health aspects and to avoid luxury Si consumption by seeds.}, keywords = {growth regulators,Organic solutions,sandy soil,Seed soaking,Wheat}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_63641.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_63641_d68961589f71b09c2a718be682216b83.pdf} } @article { author = {Bassouny, Mohamed and Abbas, Mohamed and Mohamed, Ibrahim}, title = {Environmental Risks Associated with The Leakage of Untreated Wastewaters in Industrial Areas}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {109-128}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2019.18787.1319}, abstract = {MANY countries around the world are forced to use wastewaters in plant production and their codes regulate such usage. However, these policies are not enough to stop their indirect impacts on the ecosystem. In Shobra El-Khema (Egypt), canals and agricultural drains still receive massive amounts of untreated industrial wastes and; therefore, the Egyptian government prohibited the usage of this wastewater for crop production. Alternatively, farmers use well water for irrigation; however, these shallow wells still receive wastewater leakage from the main drains and this probably possesses negative implications on the environment immediately or at least in the long-term. Accordingly, water, soil and plant samples were collected from these wastewater - contaminated areas wherein their contents of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Co, Ni and Pb were investigated. The comprehensive pollution index (CPI) was then calculated for potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in water of both the main drain and the well waters (during the winter and summer seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018). Results indicate that there was no significant variation in CPI between these two sources (P<0.05). On the other hand, ammonium bicarbonate–diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (AB-DTPA) extractable PTEs and their total contents increased progressively and significantly within the subsequent soil layers during the three successive years of study (P<0.05). In this concern, the highest concentrations of PTEs were detected within the top (0-15 cm) soil layer, while decreased with increasing soil depth. The grown plants nearby the main drain (especially leafy vegetables) accumulated high concentrations of PTEs in their shoots and these concentrations exceed the permissible levels of Pb and Cd. On the other hand, levels of soil pollution with PTEs decreased considerably with increasing the distance from the main drain in spite of that slight to moderate levels of soil pollution with PTEs were detected at 1000 m apart from the main drain. Thus, leakage of untreated wastewaters possesses high ecological risks that extents to a distance of one kilometer apart from the main drain.}, keywords = {Untreated wastewater,environmental risks,shallow wells,potentially toxic elements,soil pollution index,comprehensive pollution index,organic pollution index}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_67780.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_67780_e8c6d9f0cee37fce959fe1de9d348189.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoud, Hoda and Binmiskeen, Ahmed and Saad Moghanm, Farahat}, title = {Land Evaluation for Crop Production in the Banger El-Sokkar Region of Egypt Using a Geographic Information System and ALES-arid Model}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {129-143}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2020.19523.1325}, abstract = {Abstract: The best agricultural land use in the study area of the Banger El-Sokkar region aim this study was determined by evaluating the characteristics of the soil using a geographic information system (GIS) and the ALES-arid evaluation program. This information plays an important role in choosing the most suitable crops that can be grown in this study area. The ALES-arid program aims to evaluate the fitness of different land types to produce different crops (field crops, vegetables, forage crops, and fruit trees) to identify the optimum land use based on some pedological variables, such as soil salinity, soil depth, soil reaction (pH), calcium carbonate and soil texture, which are mandatory input factors for crop cultivation. A total of forty-six soil observations were made, covering a total area of 7074.34 ha. The results indicated that the investigated soils were mainly classified as C2, C3 and C4. The quantitative approach given by (FAO, 1976) has also been used to classify areas on the basis of their capability, ranging from good capability (5700.2 ha) to poor capability (500.62 ha) to very poor capability (443.77 ha). Different land suitability classes and indices for several crops were predicted based on the matching between the land qualities and characteristics and crop standard requirements using the ALES-arid program. Classifying the lands on the basis of their suitability, the ranked classes were S1, S2, S3, S4, NS1 and NS2. Finally, all the data obtained were input into ArcGIS software to map the spatial distributions of the different suitability classes.}, keywords = {Land suitability,Land capability,ALES-arid program,GIS,pedological variables}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_68042.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_68042_534bda2749f1c33a8d56341e3c456a43.pdf} } @article { author = {Negim, Osama and Sweed, Atef}, title = {Immobilization of Heavy Metals from The Contaminated Soil Using Application of Sugarcane Organic Wastes By- Products}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {145-155}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2020.20405.1331}, abstract = {The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of three sugarcane waste by-products (pressmud PM, bagasse ash BA and molasse MO) which used as soil amendments of for immobilizing some heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb in a contaminated soil near industrial factors of Qena Governorate, Egypt. The applied wastes at three levels of 0, 2.5 and 5 % (w/w) were incubated into the contaminated soil for a period of 120 days with wetting and drying cycles. The soil pH, organic matter content and DTPA extractable metals were determined after 30, 60 and 120 days of the incubation periods. The results indicated that BA addition to the contaminated soil have a high effective on reduce the soil content from DTPA-extractable of Cu, Ni and Pb compared with other treatments. Molasse (MO) application caused the best reduction in the mobility of Cd and Cr than BA and PM, while the application of pressmud (PM) had a moderate effect in reducing Ni and Pb of the soil.}, keywords = {Metals,contaminated soil,Immobilization and Organic waste}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_70827.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_70827_67c9cf18033dd28d6a3e84d02fcbfa71.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbas, Hassan and Abuzaid, Ahmed and Jahin, Hossam and Kasem, Diaa}, title = {Assessing The Quality of Untraditional Water Sources for Irrigation Purposes in Al-Qalubiya Governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {157-166}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2020.24569.1343}, abstract = {Limited freshwater coupled with the ever-growing population has forced the farmers in Egypt to reuse untraditional water sources for irrigation purposes. However, a precise evaluation of such water quality is necessary to avoid potential risks. The current work aimed at verifying the potentiality of reusing agricultural drainage water (ADW) and mixed wastewater (MWW) for irrigation in Al-Qalubiya Governorate. The study based on the considerations set by FAO 29 and 47 guidelines besides the Egyptian code of practice (ECP 501/2015) for wastewater reuse for irrigation. Twenty water samples were collected along Sindwa drain (agricultural drainage water) and Shibin El-Qanater drain (mixed wastewater), ten samples from each. Another ten samples of the Nile freshwater (NFW) were collected nearby the previously water samples from El-Sharaqua canal. The three different locations of sample collection sites showed variable ranges of pH, dissolved and suspended solids, soluble ions, and trace elements. However, they were generally lower than the maximum allowable limits set by FAO guidelines and ECP 501/2015, except NO3– and Mn in the ADW. On the other hand, the fecal coliforms in the ADW and MWW were beyond the safe limits. Based on the ECP 501/2015 the NFW is recommended for irrigating crops of Group B (e.g. dry cereal crops and cooked and processed vegetables, fruit crops and medicinal plants), while the ADW and MWW are recommended for crops of Group D (e.g. bio-charcoal crops, bio-diesel fuel crops, cellulose production crops, and timber trees).}, keywords = {Agricultural drainage water,Wastewater,water quality,Al-Qalubiya Governorate}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85047.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85047_3d98790202123d0ee80f678a9c1eb0f7.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel–Fattah, Ibrahim . and El-Nahrawy, Sahar and El-Mansoury, Mona}, title = {Interaction Effect of Skipping Irrigation and Co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and Some Strains of Bacillus Bacteria on Growth Dynamics of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Its Yield and Water Productivity}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {167-181}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2020.24792.1344}, abstract = {A field experiment was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El- Sheikh Governorate, North Nile Delta area, Egypt during the two successive growing seasons 2018 and 2019 to assess the interaction effect of skipping irrigation and co-inoculation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), with Bradyrhizobium sp. and some strains of Bacillus bacteria on growth dynamics, yield and water productivity. Spilt- plot design was used, the main plots were assigned to four treatments of water stress; I1: control treatment (no stress); I2: withholding one irrigation at the vegetative growth stage; I3: withholding one irrigation at the flowering growth stage; I4: withholding one irrigation at pod formation stage; while inoculation treatments were assign to sub main plots which were T1: inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. TAL 169 (control); T2: inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. TAL 169 + B. subtilis MF497446; T3: inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. TAL 169 + B. coagulans NCAIM B.01123; T4: inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. TAL 169 + B. circulance NCAIM B.02324. Our results of this present investigation showed that the flowering stage is the most sensitive stage in connection with cowpea watering following with vegetative and pod formation stages. Also, treatment I4T4 recorded high values 7.61 g plant-1, 39.00, 0.388 g plant-1, 256.00 mg plant-1 and 1.054 mg g-1 FW at the first growing season for dry weight of plant, number of nodules plant-1, dry weight of nodules, N and total chlorophyll contents compared to other different treatments at 45 days after sowing (DAS), respectively. Similar trend was observed at 60 DAS. Irrigation at all stages accompanied with inoculation with Bradyrhizobium + B. circulance (I1T4 treatment) gave the highest number of pods plant-1, 100 seed weight and yield which the corresponding decrease in yield was 11.8, 1.4 and 0.4 %, for flowering, vegetative and pod formation stages, respectively. On the contrary, withdrawn irrigation at formation (I4) under T4 produced the highest values of productivity of irrigation water (PIW) and water productivity (WP). Herein, irrigation treatments followed the descending order of I1 > I2 > I3 > I4. However, it followed as T4 > T3 > T2 > T1 under inoculation treatments. Thus, inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. + B. circulance under withholding one irrigation at pod formation stage could be efficiently used to partially eliminate the effects of water stress on growth dynamics of cowpea.}, keywords = {Water stress,Cowpea,Co-inoculation,yield,Crop-Water relations}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85853.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85853_e6feecc95baf74bf27844adfe26c7692.pdf} } @article { author = {Zein, Farouk and Gaiza, Esaid and EL-Sanafawy, Hamida and talha, nasser}, title = {Effect of Specific Ions, Salinity and Alkalinity on Yield and Quality of Some Egyptian Cotton Genotypes}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {60}, number = {2}, pages = {183-194}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {0302-6701}, eissn = {2357-0369}, doi = {10.21608/ejss.2020.21065.1334}, abstract = {Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of/ Sakha Agricultural Research Station, during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Objective of this investigation was, to study the effect of soil soluble salts, and specific ion effect on seed cotton yield and fiber quality Five Egyptian cotton genotypes, (G. Barbadence L.); Giza 85, Giza 89 and, new hybrid Giza 86 x 89 (long staple) and Giza 87 and new hybrid Giza 84 (Giza 74 x Giza 68) extra long staple were planted. The obtained results can be summarized as follows:1- Seed cotton yield was highly significantly affected by soil salinity level.2- Significant interaction was observed between different soluble ions, according to simple and partial correlation analysis.3- Negative correlations were observed between seed cotton yield, and each of Na+, Ca++ and Mg++. The highest negative correlation was obtained with soluble and/or exchangeable Na+ , because of its higher toxicity, in addition to restricting water movement and aeration4- Negative correlations were shown between seed cotton yield, and each of Cl- and SO--4. It could be noticed that the effect of antagonism between SO--4 and Cl- may depress the toxic effect of the latter.5- Data revealed negative correlation between exchangeable sodium percentages, and seed cotton yield of some studied cotton genotypes.6- Highly significantly negative correlations were recorded between ECe, cations (Na+, Ca++ and Mg++), anions (Cl- & SO=4) and each of some studied cotton genotypes characteristics (boll weight, 2.5 Spin length, lint percentage and plant height).}, keywords = {salinity,Alkalinity,specific ion effect and Egyptian cotton}, url = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85863.html}, eprint = {https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_85863_71debae243051b19a80ccd32cd44faeb.pdf} }