Soil quality indicators in Al-Qalyubia Governorate as affected by long-term wastewater irrigation
Ahmed
Abuzaid
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
The Sustainable irrigated agriculture in Egypt is threatened by water stress that made the reuse of wastewater an alternative option not only in the sandy desert soils but also in the alluvial soils. To assess the impacts of long-term wastewater irrigation on soil quality, soils have been irrigated with the effluents of Al-Qalyubia drain beside adjacent Nile fresh water-irrigated soils (reference) , sampled and analyzed. The wastewater irrigation improved fertility status, causing significant increases (P < 0.05) in total N and AB-DTPA extractable P, Fe and Mn compared to the reference soils. However, there was a significant (P < 0.05) build-up in soil salinity and total heavy metals; Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the wastewater-irrigated soils over the reference soils. The Dutch model indicated that the Nile fresh water remained safe for agricultural production, while the wastewater-irrigated soils could be used under certain precautions. Focal measures are recommended to alleviate heavy metal contaminants to avoid potential environmental risks including mixing the wastewater with the fresh water before use and implementation of proper on-farm treatments.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
1
11
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_3823_dc2930192d4f4807c29758cd7d108a9f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2017.1283.1115
Quantitative Assessment of Environmental Sensitivity to Desertification in Sidi Abdel-Rahman area, Northern West Coast of Egypt
Ahmed
Saleh
Researcher at National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences
author
Abdelaziz
Belal
National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS)
author
Mohamed
Jalhoum
Assistant Researcher at National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study presents the assessment and mapping of the environmentally sensitive areas (ESA) to desertification in Sidi-Abdel Rahman area, Northern West Coast of Egypt using MEDALUS model. The desertification indices in Sidi-Abdel Rahman area were identified based on remote sensing data, Geographic information Systems (GIS), and field survey data. These indices were soil quality index, climate quality index, vegetation quality index, erosion quality index, land management quality index, and social quality index. The results of the current study for sensitivity to desertification showed that 20.62% of whole region (8510 ha) is medium-fragile sensitive to desertification, 43.36% (17893 ha) is high-fragile sensitive to desertification, 35.35% (14586 ha) is low-critical sensitive to desertification, and 0.66% (274 ha) is medium-critical to desertification. In general, the total area is classified as fragile (F3) and thus insensibly susceptible to desertification. Sidi-Abdel Rahman area is sensitive to desertification owed to low vegetation cover, soil quality, mismanagement, climate condition, wind, and water erosion.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
13
26
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_4057_16c3d9d83b6c9d7cf496c18a84674d5f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2017.1635.1125
IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT OF DATE PALM UNDER EL-BAHARIA OASIS CONDITIONS.
Amr
Mohamed
DRC
author
ali
ali
desert research center
author
Ahmed
Abd El-Ghany
Palm Institute - Agricultural Research Center
author
text
article
2018
eng
This experiment was carried out during two successive seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017, at a private farm in El-Baharia Oasis area, Giza governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of irrigation systems: deep drip (DIS), micro jet (MIS), bubbler (BIS) and applied irrigation water levels (IR100,85,70%) under mulched (MS) and un-mulched (UMS) soil on marketable yield, crop quality parameters, actual evapotranspiration (ETa), water use efficacy (WUE), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), yield response factor (Ky) and actual crop coefficient (Kca) for date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera). The experimental design was a split-split plot design with three replicates. The results showed that, the marketable yield and studied quality parameters except total soluble solid (TSS) of date palm fruits gave the highest values under DIS, IR=100% and MS treatment for both seasons. While, seasonal ETa gave the lowest values 564.41 and 526.78 mm for both seasons respectively, under DIS, IR=70% and MS treatment. Meanwhile, the maximum values of date palm fruits WUE and IWUE were (3.22 and 1.55 kg m-3); (3.61 and 1.62 kg m-3) for both seasons respectively, under DIS, IR=70% and MS treatment. Moreover, the minimum values of Ky for date palm fruits were 0.16 and 0.12 for both seasons respectively, under DIS, IR=85% and MS treatment. Finally, the minimum values of Kca for, I, D, M, L growth stages and the average seasonal were (0.29, 0.17, 0.28, 0.18 and 0.23); (0.29, 0.15, 0.25, 0.14 and 0.21) for both seasons respectively, under DIS, IR=70% and MS treatment. This study concluded that the cultivation of date palm trees under DIS, IR=70% and MS could be saved about 38% of applied irrigation water and increased marketable yield of date palm fruit about 20 and 22% for both seasons respectively, compared to that under control treatment (BIS, IR=100% and UMS).
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
27
44
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_4147_9cd9323c03340b9f40fe0a2ff659b8ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2017.1609.1123
Response of Tomato Plant to Foliar Application of Calcium and Potassium Nitrate Integrated With Different Phosphorus Rates under Sandy Soil Conditions
Ahmed
Abdelhameed
lecturer at Faculty of Aagriculture, Damietta University
author
Mahmoud
Abd El-Hady
lecturer at Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Tomato is strategic export vegetable crop in Egypt and the world. So, two field experiments were conducted to study the effect of three phosphors rates (0, 14 and 28 kg P fed-1); five foliar treatments (0, 0.3 and 0.6% of Ca and 0.5% and 1% of K) and their interactions on tomato growth and yield. The used experimental design was a split block design with three replicates. Plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight (g) of leaves, fruit yield (Mg fed-1), fruit diameter, N, P, K and Ca content (%) in leaves and uptake in fruits and lycopene content (mg kg-1) were determined. The obtained data reveals that all the used treatments significantly affected the previous parameters. Data also show that phosphorus treatment of 14 kg P fed-1 gave the bsults of leaf area (cm2), fresh weight of tomatoes leaves, potassium content (%) in leaves, fresh weight of four fruit, fruit diameter and tomatoes yield (Mg fed-1). In addition, foliar application treatments at 0.3 Ca and 0.5% K recorded the highest results of plant height, leaf area (cm2), fresh weight of tomato leaves, N, P contents in leaves, weight of four fruits, fruit diameter, tomato yields (Mg fed-1), Fruit lycopene content (mg kg-1), N and P uptake by fruits . The highest tomato yields (Mg fed-1) values were 18 and 18.06 Mg fed-1 recorded with 14 kg P fed-1and 0.3% calcium as a foliar application followed by 14 kg P fed-1 and 0.5 % potassium which recorded 17.36 and 17.32 Mg fed-1 respectively in both seasons. Generally, it concluded that the interaction between the treatment of 14 P fed-1 and 0.3% calcium or 0.5 % potassium as a foliar application enhanced tomato yield and nutrient uptake.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
45
55
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5019_5702cf590ada793a35390c3c649937ac.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2017.1645.1126
Assessment the Impact of Shallow Groundwater on Soil Salinity and Biomass Yield of Plants Grown in North Nile Delta Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Megahed
Amer
Soils, Water & Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Centre (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
Hasham
Aboelsoud
Soils, Water & Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Centre (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
El Said
Omar
Soils, Water & Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Centre (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
medihet
Zoghdan
Sakha Agricultural Research Station,
Soil,Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI),Agriculture Research Center
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study was conducted to evaluate soil salinity distribution and biomass yield as affected by shallow groundwater (GW) in North Delta by employing a geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing technologies. These techniques permit to evaluate wide area in relative short time and low costs.The GW in the investigated area is mainly affected by the drainage system status and more efficient the drainage system, the deeper is the GW. The ground water depth (GWD) in this area ranged between 80 and 130 cm based on the performance status of the tile drainage collectors in different parts. The drawdown rate (DDR) of GW was decreased rapidly by time, due to poor structured soil which influences its water entry to the soil. DDR was 18.5-45.1 cm/day through the 1st 24 hr after irrigation, then decreased to 14.6-31.2 cm/day through the 1st48 hr, while it recorded 6.2 -10.1 cm/day through the duration time (DT) which is the time for GW to reach the deepest level after irrigation. The deep GW with long DT may have negative effect on plant and soil more than the shallow GW with short DT. The DT is inversely proportioned to the DDR and their values are related mainly to the efficiency of the subsurface drainage system and soil properties. Consequently, the shallowest GW was recorded with the relative long DT, with relative slow DDR and vice versa.A negative but significant correlation was found between the GWD and soil salinity (R2 =0.576, r =- 0.483, P < 0.05). Consequently, the soils of the part in the studied area suffers from shallow GW (81cm), in sequence, have salinity higher than that in other parts (6.8 dS/m). On the other hand, the lowest salinity level (4.6 dS/m) was found in part which has relatively deep GW (125 cm).2A positive weak correlation was observed between biomass yield and GWD (R2 = 0.55, r=0.71, P < 0.05), whereas its correlation with root zone ECe was significant and negative (R2 =0.68, r = -0.80, P > 0.05). The yield potential in the parts with relative low EC soils (4.6-4.9 dS/m) was about 10 % higher than that in parts with relatively high salinity (6.8 dS/m).The obtained data showed also that the integration of satellite imagery and GIS has enabled new evaluation possibilities in agricultural areas in relative short time and low cost.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
57
71
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5021_4db74530db6d08bb31c6464d90193033.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2017.1909.1135
Remote Estimation of Vegetation Parameters using Narrowband Sensor for Precision Agriculture in Arid Environment
El-Sayed
Omran
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
The performance of hyperspectral (Hyperion) sensor to evaluate and propose potential vegetation indices and to discriminate land cover classes in arid and semi-arid areas was evaluated. The requirements for extracting indices from Hyperion images are to be first compensated for atmospheric correction using FLAASH model. The minimum noise fraction transformation was applied to reduce the data noise and for extracting the extreme pixels. Some pure pixel endmember for the target types and backgrounds was used in this study to account for the Spectral Angle Mapping and the arrived results were validated with field study. Different classes of vegetation wereidentified from the different images: plantation, grassland, crops and trees at initial and senescence stage. The spectral signature for the differentvegetation is identified and used for spectral library generationand image classification. Vegetation, which is in the senescence stage,can bedistinguished visually from the Hyperion image. The overall accuracy was 96%, 67%, and 91%, for the 177039 image, 177045 image, and 175042image, respectively. Therefore, Hyperion data havehigh capability for crop types mapping and extraction of useful quantitative information for the purpose of crop monitoring and management. 30 vegetation indices have been assessed in this study. Four indices were proposedto support precision agriculture in an arid environment, which isvegetal cover density (VCDI), vegetal water content (VWCI), vegetal water stress (VWSI), and vegetal discriminating (VDI).Thermal imagerycan help in the detection of different infection in different crops from the first hours ofsuccessful germination of conidiospores. The temperature difference allowed the discrimination between infected and healthy leaves before the appearance of visible necrosis on leaves.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
73
92
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5614_eb1a09790b1de7979e0745646b270876.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2018.5614
Effect of Plant Residues Derived Biochar on Fertility of a new Reclaimed Sandy Soil and Growth of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)
Maha
Ali
Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor,Toukh, Kalyoubia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
TWO TYPES of biochar , rice straw biochar (RSB) and.soybean straw biochar (SSB) at four rates (0, 4.20, 8.40 and 16.80 g kg-1) for each were used to evaluate their effects on the fertility of a new reclaimed sandy soil and on the growth of wheat. The results showed that incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density and increasing porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water. Moreover, soil chemical properties, including pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and nutrients availability were markedly affected by RSB and SSB additions, especially at their highest applied rates (16.80 g kg-1). The biochar type had an important impact on soil properties and the effect of SSB was more pronounced than RSB. Data also indicated that the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains. The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively. Concentrations of N, P and K were markedly increased in RSB and SSB treatments as compared with the control (no biochars addition). Both RSB and SSB had valuable influences on growth and nutrients content in wheat due to their efficient effects in improving physical and chemical properties of the used sandy soil. This study demonstrated that converting plant residues to biochars through the pyrolysis process could be recommended in the agricultural management of sandy soil and had an important role in enhancing their qualities and productivities.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
93
103
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5615_e979f67bb994f6b08d88119269b010ae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2018.5615
Effect of Nitrogen Applications, Micronutrients and Cyanobacteria on Wheat Yield and the Availability of some Nutrients
Nasser
Abd EL-Kader
Soil and Water Dept., Fac. of Agric., Tanta Univ. Tanta, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Wheat (Triticm aestivum L.) plants were cultivated during the season 2013/2014 at the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt. The aim was to study the influence of inoculation with a cyanobacterial strain and foliar spray of micronutrient mixed with different humic acid, along with recommended or ½ recommended N doses on availability of nutrients in soil. Available N and P in soil, N and P content in grain and straw, and wheat yield increased significantly with application of micronutrient mixtures and cyanobacteria inoculation with ½ recommended N doses. Wheat grain and straw yield increased by 25 % and 13 % with application of ½ recommended N dose plus micronutrient mixtures and cyanobacterial inoculation as compared with the recommended N dose, respectively. The increases in available N and P in soil and N and P concentrations in grain and straw as well as wheat yield between the plots treated by micronutrient mixtures were non-significant. Results concluded that, the combination between cyanobacterial inoculation and micronutrient mixtures with humic acid reduced the amount of the mineral nitrogen which can lead to saving chemical-N fertilizer (about 50 %) and improving the soil available N and P and grain and straw yield of wheat.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
105
111
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5616_c0c8fa1bce5372bd05b61f81ec0226fe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2018.5616
Impact of Different Sources of Natural, Mineral and Bio-Fertilizers on Apple Trees Performance, Growth And Yield on Sandy Soil
Nevine
Taha
Hort. Res. Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
author
Naglaa
Shakweer
Hort. Res. Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
author
R.
El-Shahat
Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Inst. Agriculture Research Center
author
text
article
2018
eng
This study was carried out during two successive seasons 2014 and 2015 on 8-year-old of “Anna” apple trees budded on Balady rootstock and planted at 4 x 4 m apart on sandy soil at South El-Tahrir in a private farm under drip irrigation system. Addition of natural elements compound (NEC) as soil application beside other biofertilizers extract was investigated as compared with the mineral fertilization.Biofertilizers markedly affected soil organic matter, pH and E.C. as their values changed with Azolla, Cyanobacteria individually and/or in combination. The higher increases in nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and magnesium content in apple leaves nutrients were observed with the treatment (Azolla + Cyanobacteria and natural elements). Biofertilizer extracts alone or in combination with natural elements compounds (NEC) increased leaf area, leaf fresh weight, total leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set %, and yield. Foliar application of Cyanobacteria reduced fruit drop than foliated by Azolla in the two seasons. Treating trees by combination of biofertilizer and NEC resulted in the highest fruit firmness, TSS %, vitamin C and total fruit sugar as compared with the other treatments. During cold storage, results showed, that the least weight loss percentage was recorded by NEC + Cyanobacteria and Azolla treatment in the two seasons. While the highest acidity % was recorded by control and NEC treatments.Generally, application of biofertilizers extract (Azolla, Cyanobacteria and their mixture) with natural element compound (NEC) improved growth, yield and fruit quality at harvest and after storability process. In addition the increase in microbial activity in the soil which may reduce additions of inorganic fertilizers.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
113
126
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5617_495976c0291a0ab06d1cfe9918a3cee3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2018.5617
Evaluation of Phosphorus Sources and Rates on The Yield and Quality of Fertigated Potato Grown in Sandy Soil
S.T.
Abou zeid
Soil Sciences Dept., Fac. Of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
author
Amal
Abd El-Latif
Soil Sciences Dept., Fac. Of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2018
eng
AFIELD experiment was performed in the sandy soil at El-Sadat City, Menoufiea Governorate, Egypt, for two consuctive seasons (2013 and 2014) to investigate the effect of different sources and rates of phosphorus fertilizers on yield and tuber quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cv. Diamante grown on sandy soil. The experiment was conducted under drip irrigation system in split design with three replicates. Four sources of phosphorus were used: phosphoric acid (H3PO4), mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), ammonium poly phosphate (APP) and urea phosphate (UP) with three rates, 50, 75 and 100 kg P2O5/fed applied through irrigation water.The results showed significant differences among the sources and rates of phosphorus fertilizers on total yield, tuber weight, tuber diameter, specific gravity and starch content of tuber. The data revealed that UP and APP were the best among other sources. Data also showed that yield and quality of tuber increased with increasing phosphorus rates up to 100 kg P2O5/fed. The data also presented that in both seasons, UP gave the highest P concentration in soil compared with other sources of phosphorus.F ield experiment was conducted in sandy soil at El-Sadat city, Menoufiea Governorate, Egypt, for two consuctive seasons (2013 and 2014) to investigate the effect of different sources and rates of phosphorus fertilizers on yield and tuber quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cv. Diamante grown on sandy soil. The experiment was conducted under drip irrigation system in split design with three replicates. Four sources of phosphorus were used : (e.i) phosphoric acid (H3PO4), mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), ammonium poly phosphate (APP) and urea phosphate (UP) with three rates, 50, 75 and 100 kg P2O5/fed applied through irrigation water.The results showed a significant differences among the sources and rates of phosphorus fertilizers on total yield, tuber weight, tuber diameter, specific gravity and starch content of tuber. The data revealed that UP and APP were the best among other sources. Data also showed that yield and quality of tuber increased with increasing phosphorus rates up to 100 kg P2O5/fed. The data also presented that in both seasons, UP gave the highest P concentration in soil compared with other sources of phosphorus.
Egyptian Journal of Soil Science
The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)
0302-6701
58
v.
1
no.
2018
127
133
https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_5618_d7a59b53409802b9d03549943ecac85e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2018.5618