Impact of Irrigation Intervals and Fertilization on Actual Evapotranspiration and Wheat Production

doi:10.21608/ejss.2014.180

Impact of Irrigation Intervals and Fertilization on Actual Evapotranspiration and Wheat Production

Document Type : Original Article

10.21608/ejss.2014.180

Abstract

FIELD experiments were conducted in clay loam soil during two …. successive seasons 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 at the Agricultural Experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University to investigate the impact of 4 irrigation frequencies combined with three fertilizers as well as control treatment (without fertilizer) on actual evapotranspiration (ETa), grain yield (Triticum aestivum, L. Sids1) and water use efficiency (WUS) of wheat under furrow irrigation system and Giza region conditions. The results clearly revealed that increasing irrigation frequency significantly decreased seasonal ETa values during studied growing seasons. While the addition of inorganic and organic fertilizers to the studied soil significantly increased seasonal ETa compared to the control treatment (without fertilizers). The wheat crop irrigated by short irrigation interval ≤ 14 days with fertilization by combined between inorganic and organic fertilizers increased seasonal ETa values. While the wheat crop irrigated by the long irrigation interval of 18 days with separately organic fertilizer decreased seasonal ETa value. The results revealed that irrigation interval every 10 days with combined fertilizers treatment had the highest seasonal ETa value (44.56 cm) while the irrigation interval every 18 days with separately organic fertilizer had the lowest seasonal ETa value (37.79 cm) compared to the control treatment (without fertilizers) during studied growing seasons. The results noticed that the effect of irrigation frequencies significantly influenced the grain yield for studied growing seasons. Wheat grain yield values increased by increasing irrigation interval from 10 to 14 days. However, the increasing irrigation interval to 18 days decreased wheat grain yield. The wheat grain yield values significantly increased by the addition of combined inorganic and organic fertilizers to the studied soil compared with the control treatment (without fertilizers) during studied growing seasons. The wheat crop irrigated by the short irrigation interval of 14 days with fertilization by combined between inorganic and organic fertilizers increased grain yield values, while, irrigated by the long irrigation interval more than 14 days with separately organic fertilizer decreased grain yield values. Generally, the results showed that increasing irrigation frequency significantly decreased the water use efficiency values of the wheat crop during studied growing seasons. The addition of inorganic and organic fertilizers to the studied soil significantly increased wheat WUS compared to the control treatment (without fertilizers). The interaction between irrigation frequencies and fertilizers types on water use efficiency values of the wheat crop was no significant effect. The wheat crop irrigated by short irrigation interval of 14 days with fertilization by combined between inorganic and organic fertilizers increased wheat WUS values, while, irrigated by the long irrigation interval of 18 days with separately organic fertilizer decreased WUS values. Consequently, under furrow irrigation system and Giza region conditions, the irrigation interval of wheat plants must be a short interval of 14 days with fertilization by combined between inorganic and organic fertilizers in clay loam soil.

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